Axios

In recent years, the accelerating cross-border flow of migrants fleeing violence and poverty has remade the politics of Europe and the United States.

What to watch: A startling new study from Stanford University warns that the conflicts we've seen to date may just be the opening act of a much larger and more dangerous drama.

Kamala Harris wants to use the power of the presidency to close the gender pay gap.

Driving the news: Her new proposal: Use executive action to ensure federal contractors act first, then get Congress to fine big companies 1% of profits for every 1% of pay gap.

U.S. Customs and Border Protection said a 16-year-old Guatemalan boy died on Monday while detained by the Border Patrol in south Texas, AP reports.

The big picture: The migrant youth's death is the 5th incident since December. CBP has already received criticism of its migrant care. The White House requested $4.5 billion in emergency funding last month to help manage what it called a "humanitarian and security crisis."

2020 Democratic candidate Sen. Kamala Harris revealed a proposal Monday to help close the gender pay gap in the U.S. by fining companies with more than 100 employees that don't guarantee equal pay, CNN reports.

Why it matters: Full-time women in the workforce earned 80% of what males earned in equivalent professions while black and Hispanic women earned even less, according to 2017 data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

President Trump plans to formally launch his re-election campaign next month, likely with a burst of swing-state rallies, Republican sources tell me.

Why it matters: Trump's personal campaign approach is aimed at sowing further division in the huge Democratic field and trying to dominate the news so the national discussion hovers on his turf.

A new poll designed to test President Trump’s vulnerabilities on foreign policy heading into the 2020 election finds that economic pain from the China trade war, unraveling alliances and Trump’s relations with Russia are of particular concern to swing voters.

Why it matters: The poll was commissioned by National Security Action, a group founded by former top Obama administration officials that is advising Democratic candidates on foreign policy. Jeff Prescott, the group’s executive director, says that while Republicans and incumbents traditionally have an advantage on national security, that's undercut by concerns over Trump’s temperament. He contends that Democrats have “a real opportunity to go on offense” on foreign policy in 2020.

President Trump told Fox News' "'The Next Revolution with Steve Hilton" he's "very happy" about the trade war with the Chinese — which he said prompted firms to move production out of China and in to other Asian countries.

Because I love the farmer, we are going to be taking in possibly $100 billion, possibly more than that in tariffs." 

House Democrats are considering a new idea to pressure the Trump administration to comply with their subpoenas. The idea is to use the appropriations process as leverage and threaten to withhold funding until they get the documents and testimony they've requested.

Why it matters: It's a move that has a high risk of failure, since appropriations bills have to be approved by a Republican-held Senate and signed by the president. But given the Trump administration's determination to resist all of the Democrats' oversight efforts, and the prospect that court fights could take years, they're being forced to consider every tool they might have.

Robust immigration has buoyed the populations of the U.S., U.K. and other developed nations, keeping them from shrinking for now. But a number of aging countries don't have enough immigration to replace their population as their fertility rates continue to plummet.

The bottom line: The control of borders is a serious political problem, but experts are eyeing legal immigration as one solution to a future demographics challenge. As nations age, many will be short of workers to support social programs relied on by the older population.

President Trump is calling Rep. Justin Amash a "total lightweight" who is causing controversy solely for "the sake of getting his name out there."

The big picture: Amash, the first Republican congressman to say he is in favor of impeaching Trump, was the only Republican who voted for a Democratic bill that tried to stop President Trump from declaring a national emergency to pay for the border wall.

Former President Jimmy Carter, six administrations later, is re-emerging from political obscurity at age 94 to win over his fellow Democrats once again, AP's Bill Barrow writes.

Why it matters: It's quite a turnabout for a man who largely receded from party politics after his presidency, often without being missed by his party's leaders in Washington, where he was an outsider even as a White House resident.

The U.S. budget deficit grew 77% in the first 4 months of the 2019 fiscal year (beginning Oct. 1) from the year prior, driven by sweeping tax cuts passed at the end of 2017 and increased federal spending.

The big picture: President Trump is acting true to history. Every Republican president since Reagan has left office with a budget deficit higher than the one he inherited. Clinton and Obama, by contrast, left office with smaller deficits.

President Trump declared himself "strongly pro-life" in a series of tweets Saturday night — but he made clear he's opposed to key elements of strict new abortion laws as he called for Republican unity on the issue.

I am strongly Pro-Life, with the three exceptions — Rape, Incest and protecting the Life of the mother — the same position taken by Ronald Reagan."

Former Massachusetts Gov. Bill Weld (R) told a crowd in Exeter, New Hampshire, he’s "the most pro-choice person you’re ever going to meet," AP reports.

Driving the news: Many 2020 hopefuls have come out swinging in opposition of Missouri's and Alabama's strict new abortion laws, describing the bills as "dangerous and exceptionally cruel," per Axios' Rashaan Ayesh.