Arizona women's deepfake lawsuit targets AI porn industry
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Three Arizona women say in a lawsuit that pornographic videos depicting their likenesses began circulating online after AI platforms were used to create sexual content based on their Instagram posts.
The big picture: A new exploitative industry is harnessing AI technology to generate explicit "deepfakes" from PG social media photos, the lawsuit says.
- Attorneys, legal experts and policymakers tell Axios that existing laws don't do enough to stop bad actors from using real people's images to fabricate sexual content.
Catch up quick: In January, the women sued several men and companies in Arizona state court under the state's revenge porn law because Arizona, like most states, has yet to ban the creation of nonconsensual sexual deepfakes altogether.
- The lawsuit says three of the men created a company that helps subscribers create AI porn, make money from it, and avoid legal repercussions.
- The defendants have not yet responded to the lawsuit, and Axios was unable to reach them for comment.
Zoom out: Nearly every state has enacted legislation targeting AI deepfakes in recent years, according to Ballotpedia, but the laws vary widely and many remain narrowly focused on election misinformation or child exploitation.
- Congress has also stepped in. The Take It Down Act, passed last year, makes posting nonconsensual images a federal crime and requires platforms to remove them within 48 hours.
Reality check: Most legislation puts the onus on victims to find and report pornography.
- And most women, including the plaintiffs in the Arizona case, are completely unaware they've been targeted until "it's way too damn late," and someone they know has seen the explicit content, their attorney, Nick Brand, told Axios.
One of the companies named in the lawsuit, CreatorCore LLC, claims to create 1,000 "influencers" per week, Brand said.
- Co-counsel Cristina Perez said not even private Instagram accounts are safe, because sometimes it's a social media connection who swipes the photos and uploads them to the platform.
Zoom in: The Arizona case could become one of the first tests of whether laws designed to stop revenge porn can also apply to AI-generated sexual imagery.
- State lawmakers expanded the law in 2023 to include realistic but fake sexual images.
- Brand and Perez will be required to prove the AI porn was created with an intent to harass or harm, which they believe they can do.
What we're watching: Even if sufficient laws are enacted, internet anonymity makes it exceedingly difficult to find the people who create and distribute illegal material, Sean Harrington, AI & Legal Tech Studio director at Arizona State University's Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, told Axios.
- Harrington said attorneys and investigators — and the policymakers who fund their agencies — need to prioritize thwarting and prosecuting cybercrimes.
- He said there's a lack of government understanding of how quickly AI technology is evolving and the ramifications of its misuse.
The bottom line: "[Cyber crimes are] such a big part of our lives and can have devastating consequences. Something like that could truly ruin a young woman's life," Harrington said.