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🌤️ Today's weather: Mostly sunny with highs near 80, lows around 60.

🎧 Sounds like: "Straight to Hell" by The Menzingers, who played a sold-out show last night at The Warfield.

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San Francisco is famously short on cemetery space today, but that wasn't always the case.

The big picture: Before parks, homes, museums and college buildings filled much of the city, people were buried across San Francisco — sometimes beneath places we now visit without a second thought.

• Some of them might still be there.

Catch up quick: As San Francisco grew in the late 1800s, development began closing in on cemeteries once located on the city's edges.

• City officials approved an ordinance in 1900 barring additional burials beginning the following year. Public health was cited as a concern, while the city's increasingly valuable land was also seen as better used for housing the living, per the Colma Historical Association.
• The city pushed most of its cemeteries out as neighborhoods expanded westward over the following decades.
• Roughly 130,000 people were eventually disinterred from the four large Lone Mountain cemeteries at Laurel Hill, Calvary, Masonic and Odd Fellows and moved to Colma. Many were reburied in mass graves.

Yes, but: Not everyone made the trip south.

By the numbers: Historian Beth Winegarner, author of "San Francisco's Forgotten Cemeteries: A Buried History," estimates more than 50,000 forgotten graves remain across the city.

Some of the former burial grounds are places you've probably visited.

🪦 Lincoln Park and the Legion of Honor: City Cemetery once covered roughly 200 acres near Land's End. About 10,000 to 19,700 burials may remain beneath Lincoln Park today,.

• Construction of the Legion of Honor unearthed human remains in the 1920s, while an additional 750 or so bodies were uncovered during a 1993 renovation.

🏛️ Civic Center: Yerba Buena Cemetery, San Francisco's first city-run burial ground, once occupied land around today's UN Plaza, Main Library and Asian Art Museum. Thousands were buried there beginning in 1850 and human remains have since been uncovered in the area.

🎓 USF and Lone Mountain: Parts of today's campus sit atop the former Masonic Cemetery. At least 200 bodies were discovered during construction of Gleeson Library in 1950.

🌳 Dolores Park: Before it became prime picnic territory, the land held two Jewish cemeteries. Roughly 8,000 people were eventually relocated before the site became a park.

Between the lines: Some gravestones never really left. Unclaimed markers were repurposed for public works, including seawalls and gutters. Pieces have also since resurfaced at Ocean Beach, per the SF Chronicle.

The intrigue: The Presidio's San Francisco National Cemetery, established in 1884, survived because it sits on federal land.

💀 The bottom line: The dead may be closer than you think.

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Common Sense Media is urging OpenAI to keep teens off ChatGPT, saying its new teen experience poses an "unacceptable risk" after extensive testing found shortcomings in safeguards meant to protect younger users.

Why it matters: OpenAI has made protecting younger users central to its effort to make ChatGPT safer, but the findings suggest some protections may give parents more confidence than they warrant.

Driving the news: Common Sense Media's Youth AI Safety Institute tested more than 4,000 prompts on accounts registered to 13- to 17-year-olds.

• ChatGPT generally did not provide instructions facilitating suicide, self-harm, eating disorders or sexual role-play, but testers said it missed more than 1 in 4 instances when a crisis referral was warranted.
• Testers also spent up to an hour discussing suicide, self-harm or disordered eating on some parent-linked accounts without triggering parental alerts.
• The group found teens could exit Study Mode during parent-set Study Hours.

The other side: OpenAI disputed Common Sense's methodology and findings, saying some parental-alert testing occurred before accounts finished linking and that its age prediction system intentionally relies on multiple signals.

• OpenAI confirmed to Axios that exiting Study Mode during Study Hours is intentional, saying the feature was designed to offer flexibility rather than act as a hard parental lock.
• The company also says its larger-scale data shows increased hotline resources being displayed to under-18 users.

The bottom line: "ChatGPT is not safe for kids to use," institute head Tom Siegel told Axios, urging parents not to "outsource taking care of our kids to a tech product that is very early on and still quite buggy."

Go deeper

🖥️ The Board of Supervisors this week approved a 45-day citywide moratorium on new data centers, making San Francisco the first Bay Area county to do so. (Mission Local)

📰 William "Bill" Harris, a former Symbionese Liberation Army member who helped kidnap newspaper heiress Patty Hearst in 1974, died of a heart attack in San Francisco at the age of 81 last month. (NYT)

🏗️ The Board of Supervisors this week approved the "SHADE Act," limiting when shade can be used to appeal housing projects in an effort to reduce development delays. (Mission Local)

💧 The Sierra Club is suing the city's Public Utilities Commission, alleging the city inflated future water-demand projections to justify taking more water from the Tuolumne River and Hetch Hetchy system. (SF Chronicle)

🐈‍⬛ Meet Mochi and Ciabatta, two cats who share a wardrobe, an enemy and a commitment to looking extremely comfortable.

👔 Per their owner Caden B., their likes involve wearing matching little gray-striped tuxedos. Their biggest enemy? The vacuum. Seems some household appliances cannot be trusted.

• As evidenced above, their hobbies include investigating takeout bags and perfecting the art of doing absolutely nothing.

📸 Want to see your pet featured here? Hit reply and send us their name, some cute pics and what they most like and dislike. They might just become our next featured star!

😌 Nadia is excited for the three-day weekend.

This newsletter was edited by Geoff Ziezulewicz