COVID-19 and the digital divide have taken a severe toll on Latino students' education, from the U.S. to Patagonia.

• In the U.S., Latinos students have fallen considerably behind during the last year, while in Latin America dropout rates are rising.

Why it matters: With the end of the school year approaching, the extent of the learning deficit from the move to virtual classes and the work needed to help students catch up is becoming clearer.

• U.S. Latinos started the semester up to five months behind in math and a month behind in reading, a lag that will probably grow, according to research from McKinsey.
• More than 114 million schoolchildren in Latin America are still without in-person classes and many might permanently abandon their studies after this school year, UNICEF estimates.

Between the lines: Reports of cartels and gangs recruiting children in Colombia and Mexico are on the rise.

• Up to 5.2 million Mexican students — including those college-aged — have dropped out, per the National Institute of Statistics and Geography.
• At least 158,000 Colombian K-12 kids left school during 2020, according to the Education Ministry.
• Officials also fear a spike in unwanted teenage pregnancies, partly due to girls being stuck at home with their abusers, forcing them to drop out.

The big picture: Much of the problem stems from a digital divide that existed before the COVID-19 pandemic.

• 40% of Hispanic homes in the U.S. had no computer or broadband access; 25% of Latinos depended solely on smartphones to connect.
• Nearly half of U.S. classrooms have begun reopening for in-person classes, though some districts remain closed as teachers seek extra COVID-19 protection. Some predominantly Latino districts, hard-hit by COVID-19, remain closed to allow students and staff to mourn family deaths.
• A majority of Latin America’s classrooms remain closed, and almost half the homes don't have wi-fi.

The U.S. and the president of El Salvador are wrangling over a declassified list of allegedly corrupt officials that includes the Salvadoran cabinet chief and the former security minister.

Why it matters: The tension comes as the White House has offered development programs to entice the leaders of Mexico and Central America’s Northern Triangle to work toward reducing migration.

• Hispanic Congress members like Rep. Norma Torres (D-CA), who made the list public, argue those plans should not come at the expense of demanding public accountability from officials suspected of malfeasance.
• More names are expected to emerge in June on the Engel List of “corrupt and undemocratic actors.”

The other side: President Nayib Bukele has made light of the list, arguing it’s not about the U.S. wanting to battle corruption but a reaction to El Salvador’s embrace of China.

• Bukele has looked to Beijing for development grants and to get vaccines, like much of Latin America.

Between the lines: The release of the list comes after lawmakers from Bukele's party, Nuevas Ideas, voted to oust the attorney general and members of the Constitutional Court.

Over 100 beneficiaries of DACA can legally travel internationally for the first time starting this week, after a judge granted their request for a special permit to re-enter the U.S.

Why it matters: Nearly 700,000 people in the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program would normally face deportation if they left the U.S. for educational trips or family emergencies like grandparents’ funerals.

• But a group of new graduates has just received authorizations that sometimes take over two years to process, after successfully suing immigration officials to expedite the so-called advance paroles.

The big picture: DACA recipients, most of whom only know the U.S. as home, have temporary work or study permits but await a more stable future with a proposed path to citizenship.

• The measure is highly popular with the U.S. public but is currently stuck in Congress.

Chile is drawing up a new constitution, the first country in the world to do so with a body featuring a gender split of 79 women and 76 men.

Why it matters: In response to mass protests in 2019, the constituent body’s members were all chosen by popular vote last Sunday, with results likely to reverberate in November’s presidential election.

• Independent candidates upended the polls, winning 48 of the 155 seats and leaving members of the ruling right party and the center-left parties without veto power.
• A two-thirds majority will be required to agree on the new articles, so the 17 votes of Indigenous constituents will also carry weight.

For reference: Chile is currently governed by a constitution written during the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet.

• Many argue it has deepened socioeconomic inequalities and hindered pluralism as well as the progress of the country’s Indigenous population.

What’s next: The constitutional convention will open in June and should have a new text ready for a mid-2022 referendum.

The number of vaccinated U.S. Latinos is increasing after months of unequal access, but hurdles remain for this especially hard-hit group to get COVID-19 vaccines at the same rate as others.

• President Biden wants 70% of U.S. adults vaccinated by July 4.

By the numbers: 33% of unvaccinated Latinos are more likely to say they’d like to get vaccinated than white and Black non-Hispanics, according to a Kaiser Family Foundation poll.

• But they are also more concerned about barriers, like difficulty traveling to a vaccination center or missing work in case of side effects.
• 56% of those who have been vaccinated say they were asked for government ID or a social security number, a situation that concerns Hispanics with lower incomes who may not have a driver's license or who are undocumented.

The bottom line: Half of unvaccinated Latino adults say they would get their coronavirus shot if it were available at a clinic they trust or if their employer would give them paid time off to get it.

• Uber and Lyft are to start offering free rides for immunization, after a deal with the White House.

A new book details how Latino activists brought to an end Joe Arpaio’s tenure as sheriff of Maricopa County, Arizona, where he drew national attention for his extravagant immigration enforcement antics, Axios' Russell Contreras reports.

Details: Investigative journalists Terry Greene Sterling and Jude Joffe-Block chart the rise and fall of the lawman, once a hero for the right, in Driving While Brown: Sheriff Joe Arpaio Versus the Latino Resistance.

• Arpaio was defeated in 2016 by a coalition of Latinos, Native Americans, progressive white voters and moderate conservatives, the same coalition that helped flip the state for Democrats in 2020.

Read more.

The ombudsman of Ecuador has been arrested and accused of sexual assault after a video surfaced that shows him forcefully touching a woman as they get out of an elevator.

Why it matters: Freddy Carrión is being investigated along with a former health minister for the events caught on camera, which reportedly happened during a clandestine party in Quito that broke COVID-19 regulations.

The bottom line: 64.9% of Ecuadorians say they have been victims of some form of gender violence, while every day 42 women or girls report sexual harassment or sexual abuse to the national police, according to the most recent official data.

Archeologists in Mexico and Argentina’s Patagonia during digs. Photos: Mexico's INAH; Argentina's Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; dinosaur illustrations courtesy of Luis V. Rey and Jorge A. González

A new species of herbivore dinosaur has just been identified in Mexico from 72-million-year-old fossils, while a paleontology team in Argentina recently unearthed what is believed to have been the biggest land animal to ever roam the planet.

Details: The dino found in Mexico has been named Tlatolophus galorum, using the nahua word for “crested.” It was a “peaceful and chatty” dinosaur, researchers say.

• In Patagonia, the remains point to the oldest fossils yet found of a titanosaur, a long-necked species that was 130 feet long, 65 feet tall, and as heavy as 14 elephants.

Hasta la próxima semana, have a safe one.