Growth in the global cybersecurity workforce has slowed for the first time in five years as companies hire fewer security professionals and slash budgets.

Why it matters: Businesses and governments are facing more cybersecurity threats than ever, and a lack of skilled workers to fend them off will leave organizations even more vulnerable.

The big picture: Budget cuts, hiring freezes and layoffs are squeezing employers' ability to hire cybersecurity workers in the U.S., according to a report this month from cybersecurity certification company ISC2.

By the numbers: The global workforce — or the number of actively employed cybersecurity professionals — grew only 0.1% year over year and now sits at 5.5 million, per the report.

• But around the world, companies are facing a shortage of 4.8 million workers in the industry, up 19% from last year's needs.
• And fewer workers say they're satisfied with their jobs: 66% of workers globally say they're satisfied, down from 70% who said the same in the 2023 report.
• ISC2 surveyed 15,582 cybersecurity workers and decision-makers around the world as part of its annual workforce study.

Zoom in: The size of the workforce shrunk nearly 5% year over year in the U.S., dropping from about 367,000 to 349,000 workers.

• U.S. companies said they need roughly 504,000 more cybersecurity employees than currently exist to properly secure their systems.

Yes, but: In the U.S., this slowed-down growth isn't necessarily a bad thing, Andrew Woolnough, executive vice president of communications, content and brand at ISC2, told Axios.

• The U.S. has done a lot of work to promote cyber roles and help bring new workers into the field, so the slowed growth could be naturally occurring.
• Meanwhile, the workforce grew in other countries, including Saudi Arabia, South Africa, the Netherlands, France and Australia.

Between the lines: Companies have likely slowed their cybersecurity hiring as they prioritize teams that generate revenue and create new innovations, Woolnough said.

• For many organizations, cybersecurity is still seen as a way to tick off any legal requirements.
• "We need to work harder as a profession to position cybersecurity as a growth enabler rather than a compliance function," Woolnough said.

The intrigue: Employers and employees also have a slightly different idea of what skills are needed for specific roles, according to the survey.

• Hiring managers said the top skills they're looking for are problem-solving abilities, collaboration skills and curiosity.
• Meanwhile, applicants think the biggest skills they need are communication skills and cloud computing security know-how.
• 25% of respondents said they've seen layoffs at their workplace in the last year, and 38% have experienced hiring freezes.

What we're watching: ISC2 recommends that companies create more opportunities for cyber workers looking to learn new skills and recruit diverse talent.

• "The days where cyber becomes a bolt-on at the end need to be well past us, and unfortunately, they're not," Woolnough said.

One in five U.S. congressional staffers' sensitive information has been exposed on the dark web for hackers to steal, according to data released this week.

Why it matters: Hackers have a renewed interest in targeting U.S. political campaigns and congressional offices as Election Day nears.

• Already-leaked data could help hackers either break into a campaign's online accounts or steal a staffer's identity.

By the numbers: Email addresses belonging to 3,191 congressional staffers are readily available on the dark web, according to new research from encrypted communications service Proton and Constella Intelligence.

• More than 1,800 staffers' passwords are also stored in plain text alongside those email addresses, per the report.

Zoom in: Sensitive information about nearly 300 of those staffers was exposed in more than 10 data leaks.

• At least one person had 31 of their passwords exposed online.

Reality check: Everyone who has an online account somewhere has likely had their data stolen or leaked on the dark web at some point.

• But congressional staffers are higher-value targets for hackers, leaving them more at risk if they're repeating passwords across accounts.

Driving the news: In the last two weeks, hackers have stolen emails from individuals associated with former President Donald Trump's re-election campaign, Popular Information reported this week.

• Last month, the intelligence community confirmed that Iran had hacked a Trump campaign associate through a spear-phishing attack.

The bottom line: Proton recommends that congressional staffers sign up for online accounts using non-government email accounts and use a password manager.

X suspended independent journalist Ken Klippenstein's account yesterday after he shared Sen. JD Vance's vetting document, allegedly stolen during the Iranian hack of Donald Trump's campaign.

The big picture: The 271-page document includes research on Vance that the Trump campaign compiled to vet him as a potential running mate.

Driving the news: Shortly after Klippenstein shared the document, his X account was suspended for violating its hacked-materials policy, which was in place before Elon Musk bought Twitter for $44 billion in 2022.

• Klippenstein published the document to his personal Substack, writing: "The dossier has been offered to me and I've decided to publish it because it's of keen public interest in an election season."
• "As far as I can tell, it hasn't been altered, but even if it was, its contents are publicly verifiable. I'll let it speak for itself," he added.
• The document includes Vance's phone number, home address and email address.

What they're saying: "Ken Klippenstein was temporarily suspended for violating our rules on posting unredacted private personal information, specifically Sen. Vance's physical addresses and the majority of his Social Security number," a spokesperson for X told Axios.

• Klippenstein did not respond to a request for comment from Axios.

Between the lines: X has suspended journalists' accounts in the past under Musk's management, despite his repeated claims of standing for free speech. His content moderation decisions have been inconsistent and a flashpoint for the media.

Flashback: In 2020, conservative critics blasted Twitter for limiting circulation of a New York Post story about Hunter Biden.

• In response, the company made two adjustments to its hacked-materials policy in 2020, as reported by Axios' Sara Fischer:

1. Twitter will no longer remove hacked content unless it is directly shared by hackers or those acting in concert with them.
2. It will label tweets to provide context instead of blocking links from being shared on Twitter.

Go deeper: Online content policing loses steam.

@ D.C.

🚔 The FBI and the Defense Criminal Investigative Service raided government IT vendor Carahsoft's headquarters in Virginia this week. (Nextgov)

💰 The Federal Election Commission has amended rules to allow federal campaign funds to be used to pay for physical and cybersecurity measures for candidates, their families and campaign staff. (CyberScoop)

🗳️ Russia and Iran usually work together, but on the U.S. election, they're on different sides. (Axios)

@ Industry

☁️ Google filed an antitrust complaint with the European Commission against Microsoft, alleging the company uses unfair licensing cloud contracts to stifle competition. (CNBC)

🚂 The rail transportation sector lags behind several critical infrastructure industries in enhancing its own cybersecurity, despite looming threats of a colossal nation-state cyberattack. (The Record)

@ Hackers and hacks

⚠️ The U.S. government has been tracking another Chinese government hacker group, known as Salt Typhoon, that's been burrowing into American telecommunications networks. (Wall Street Journal)

🚗 Security researchers have found a way to track millions of Kia cars, unlock their doors and even start the engines remotely. (Wired)

🪙 Crypto scammers hacked OpenAI's press account on X this week. (TechCrunch)

The way online scams and cyber threats have eroded trust online is wild to think about sometimes. 🫠