Wikimedia's CEO on the AI traffic armageddon

Driving the news: Wikipedia page views declined 8% in 2025, and while the drop wasn't unexpected, "that doesn't mean that we're sort of starry-eyed about it and not concerned about it," Meehan said.

Follow the money: The problem is that even though generative AI systems rely heavily on Wikipedia's vast trove of human-created information, some companies won't pay for it, she said.

• Wikimedia has a program that charges large-scale commercial users for reliable, high-volume access to its data. Publicly disclosed enterprise customers, whose payments make up 10% of the organization's operating expenses, include Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Meta, Perplexity and others.

• OpenAI and Anthropic, two of the largest makers of generative AI models, aren't among Wikimedia's publicly disclosed enterprise customers. Meehan noted that Wikimedia has other agreements that aren't publicly disclosed and declined to identify those companies.
• OpenAI and Anthropic both declined to comment.

What they're saying: Meehan, a former U.S. ambassador to Chile who took over Wikimedia's top job in January, said the reception from big technology companies has been mixed.

• Some have embraced the idea that companies benefiting from Wikipedia should help sustain it. Others, she said, have acknowledged what Wikimedia considers excessive use of its data but declined to pay for enterprise access.
• "We're not asking for charity," Meehan said.

Between the lines: There's an unusual economic tension here: Wikipedia makes its content freely available and has no intention of changing that, leaving it with limited leverage over AI companies that don't want to pay.

The big picture: Traffic matters to Wikimedia for reasons that go well beyond bragging rights for being one of the most popular destinations on the internet.

• Roughly 80% of Wikimedia's operating budget comes from small donations, many prompted by banners shown to visitors to its site.
• Readers also provide the pipeline for future Wikipedia editors. "If less readers are coming, that's less conversion to editors," Meehan said.

The irony: Wikipedia has arguably never been more valuable to the broader information ecosystem.

• "We're the backbone," Meehan said when asked about Wikipedia's importance to AI knowledge engines.

Meanwhile: Meehan is drawing a distinction between AI using Wikipedia and AI creating Wikipedia.

• AI remains controversial among Wikipedia's volunteer communities, which set their own rules, but it is already being used for tasks such as translation, finding broken links and helping new editors spot problems with their contributions.

Meehan sees a clear boundary, though: AI should assist Wikipedia's human editors rather than replace them.

• "I don't think you will ever see AI writing or generating Wikipedia articles," she said.
• Asked whether Wikipedia articles five years from now will still be written by humans for humans, Meehan replied: "I do."

Zoom out: Meehan also pointed out who and what gets left out if commercially developed AI becomes a principal gateway to knowledge.

• Wikipedia exists in roughly 300 languages, including many that aren't likely to represent commercially attractive markets for AI companies.
• She also raises the possibility of a knowledge divide in which the best access to information increasingly requires paying for an AI subscription.

The bottom line: Wikipedia spent the first phase of the generative AI boom becoming indispensable to AI. Its next challenge is ensuring that AI doesn't weaken the human and financial ecosystem that made Wikipedia indispensable in the first place.