The labor market's quiet upgrade
Add Axios as your preferred source to
see more of our stories on Google.
Illustration: Annelise Capossela/Axios
For the first time in years, data revisions could end up adding jobs to the official U.S. tally rather than erasing them.
Why it matters: Early indicators point to a labor market that might be stronger than the monthly employment reports suggest.
- Even a mild positive revision would reverse a stretch of after-the-fact updates that showed the labor market was notably weaker than it appeared in real time.
- Last year's gloomy update showed that net job creation had all but come to a halt.
The intrigue: Some Fed officials have been on the hunt for weak spots. But the labor market in recent months has defied the slowdown narrative.
- Payroll growth has surpassed last year's pace.
- Unemployment has held steady.
- Now, the employment records behind the annual revisions no longer suggest another hiring downgrade.
What to watch: The next annual update to the government's jobs figures, due out early next year, will revise employment estimates through March 2026.
- Wall Street is already picking up a signal from employment records that cover roughly three-quarters of the period used for the revision.
What they're saying: "A lot of folks, myself, and the Fed included, assumed we were headed for another negative benchmark revision ... but that assumption seems increasingly incorrect," Access/Macro economist Guy Berger wrote in a note this month.
- Berger estimated that the records so far suggest the economy created roughly 230,000 more jobs through the end of 2025 than what's currently reflected in the payroll data.
The big picture: Monthly payroll reports — the headline figure that often leads news coverage of the employment report — are based on surveys.
- The government updates those estimates with the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages: a larger but much less timely census of employment records.
- That process has brought downward revisions in the past three years, including in the latest report, which said that employment was nearly 900,000 lower than initially reported through early 2025.
Between the lines: Forces that previously might have made the labor market difficult to measure could now be fading.
- Economists at Bank of America point to slowing immigration flows, while Standard Chartered argues that tweaks to how the government estimates newly formed businesses may help bring monthly payroll figures and underlying employment records back into closer alignment.
Zoom in: The "overstatement issue" that ultimately led to large downward revisions in recent years "may have become less of a problem," Standard Chartered economists wrote in a note.
- They estimated employment growth of 1.3% between March and December 2025, a slight upgrade to the 1.2% suggested by payroll data.
The bottom line: If that's the case, it supports "the hawkish argument that monetary policy may not be restrictive and favoring the case for Fed rate hikes," Evercore ISI's Marco Casiraghi wrote in a recent note.
- Bank of America economist Aditya Bhave said that if the pattern of large downward revisions has ended, it's "one less reason to be dovish."
