Who’s missing at the legislation table: moms
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Moms of small children remain vastly underrepresented in state capitols across the country, according to a new report.
Why it matters: State legislatures shape policies that directly impact families.
- "If you don't have parents with young children helping set the legislative agenda you're missing a whole segment of the population, and their lived experiences are not being brought to bear on decisions that are being made," Jean Sinzdak, associate director of the Center for American Women and Politics (CAWP), told Axios.
The big picture: An estimated 85% of women become mothers by the time they hit 45. But, as of 2024, just 25% of legislators nationwide were female parents or nonbinary parents, the analysis from the Vote Mama Foundation found.
- Just 8% are mothers with children under the age of 18.
Between the lines: Serving in a state legislature can be especially difficult for parents of young children, given the need to travel to a state capital, long nights of lawmaking, and low pay in states where the job is considered part time, Sinzdak told Axios.
- I"t's been a trend for a long, long time that women tend to wait until they're older to run, partially because of the caregiving responsibilities and the challenges of having young kids," she said.
Case in point: Nationally, the share of legislators who are moms with kids under 6 was just 2%.
What they're saying: Increasing pay, allowing virtual participation and providing on-site child care are a few changes Vote Mama Foundation founder Liuba Grechen Shirley says are essential to achieve gender parity and "truly family-friendly legislation."
- She would know: Grechen Shirley made history as in 2018 when she successfully lobbied the Federal Election Commission to allow her to use campaign funds to cover the costs of child care associated with running for a New York congressional seat.
The silver lining: The numbers have increased 3 percentage points since the group first collected the data in 2022. At that time, just over 5% of legislators were moms of minor kids.
- And the share of legislators who were pregnant or gave birth while serving has more than doubled, from 12 to 30.
Yes, but: There are more than 7,000 legislations serving nationwide. About 2,400 of those are women, per CAWP.
The fine print: The study's authors collected data for women and nonbinary legislators with biological children, foster children, stepchildren, and formally or informally adopted children under 18.
- Because they based their data on publicly available bios and news reports, the actual number of mothers and caregivers may be higher than reported.
The bottom line: Voters would need to elect more than 700 more moms to hit proportional representation nationwide, per the report.
Editor's note: This story has been corrected to reflect that 25% of legislators nationwide are female or nonbinary parents (and not that 25% of female and nonbinary legislators are parents).
