Brown University president argues that colleges must reopen this fall

What she's saying: "The basic business model for most colleges and universities is simple — tuition comes due twice a year at the beginning of each semester," Paxson writes.

• "Most colleges and universities are tuition dependent. Remaining closed in the fall means losing as much as half of our revenue."
• "Institutions should develop public health plans now that build on three basic elements of controlling the spread of infection: test, trace and separate."

Paxson warns that students, especially those from low-income households, face financial psychological barriers when they try to learn remotely.

• They might not have reliable internet access or private study spaces.
• "If they can’t come back to campus, some students may choose — or be forced by circumstances — to forgo starting college or delay completing their degrees," she writes.

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