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A climate activist holding a placard in front of the Supreme Court in the Netherlands, where demonstration is restricted. People from several climate organizations gathered with eyes painted on their hands symbolising 'We are watching you.' Photo: Barcroft Media / Contributor/Getty Images

The Supreme Court in the Netherlands on Friday ordered the government there to cut national greenhouse gas emissions by 25% by the end of 2020.

Why it matters: This is the first time the courts have ever forced a country to address climate change and could set a precedent for courts in other nations, including the United States, in the absence of other action.

What they're saying: Michael Gerrard, director of the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia University, per The New York Times said: “There have been 1,442 climate lawsuits around the world. This is the strongest decision ever. The Dutch Supreme Court upheld the first court order anywhere directing a country to slash its greenhouse gas emissions.”

One level deeper: The ruling was a success for environmental group Urgenda, "which filed the lawsuit in 2013 against the Dutch government with nearly 900 co-plaintiffs," NYT reports.

Go deeper on U.S. climate cases: Why the hottest global warming battle is in the courtroom.

Go deeper

2 hours ago - Health

FDA's top vaccine leaders are leaving

Illustration: Aïda Amer/Axios

Two of the FDA's top vaccine regulators, Marion Gruber and Phil Krause, are leaving the agency, which was first reported by BioCentury.

Why it matters: The FDA appears to be increasingly rudderless at a crucial time in the pandemic. The agency still has no permanent commissioner and now is losing two highly regarded vaccine experts all while officials weigh full approval of the COVID-19 vaccines for adults, initial authorization for kids, and booster shots for many.

Biden defends ending mission in Afghanistan

Photo: Drew Angerer/Getty Images

President Biden said on Tuesday that ending the U.S. military mission in Afghanistan "was designed to save American lives."

Why it matters: While Biden said he did not regret pulling U.S. troops from Afghanistan, he made a commitment to get Americans still in the country out even without a military presence.

Updated 3 hours ago - Science

California's Caldor Fire nears South Lake Tahoe after thousands flee

Fire crews worked all night to stop the Caldor Fires spread after it spotted across US Highway 89 in California. Photo: Neal Waters/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images

Firefighters in California continued to battle the swelling Caldor Fire, which had grown to more than 191,607 acres and was 16% contained on Tuesday morning.

Latest: "One of the complexities that we faced in this fire is firebrands can be picked up by winds ... and carried a great distance," said Tim Ernst, Cal Fire's operations section chief. "So, firefighters all night long were doing structure prep and structure defense" in and near the Tahoe Basin, he added.